Atoms and the Periodic table

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Slide 59

Chapter Outline

• The Periodic Table

Used to organize the elements by recurring chemical properties.

Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table have similar chemical properties and are said to be in the same group or family.

Slide 60

The Periodic Table

Slide 61

Groups and Periods

On the periodic table,

•elements are arranged according to similar properties.

•groups contain elements with similar properties in vertical columns.

•periods are horizontal rows of elements.

Slide 62

Groups and Periods

Slide 63

Group Numbers

Group Numbers

•use the letter A for the representative elements (1A to 8A) and the letter B for the transition elements.

•also use numbers 1-18 to the columns from left to right.

Slide 64

Names of Some Representative Elements

Several groups of representative elements are known by common names.

Slide 65

Alkali Metals

Group 1A(1), the alkali metals, includes lithium, sodium, and potassium.

Slide 66

Dmitri Mendeleev.

Slide 67

Learning Check

Identify the element described by the following.

A. Group 7A(17), Period 4

1) Br 2) Cl 3) Mn

B. Group 2A(2), Period 3

1) beryllium 2) boron 3) magnesium

C. Group 5A(15), Period 2

1) phosphorus 2) arsenic 3) nitrogen

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Solution

A. Group 7A (17), Period 4

1) Br

B. Group 2A (2), Period 3

3) magnesium

C. Group 5A(15), Period 2

3) nitrogen

Slide 69

Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

The heavy zigzag line

separates metals and

nonmetals.

•Metals are located to the left.

•Nonmetals are located to the right.

•Metalloids are located along the heavy zigzag line between the metals and nonmetals.

Slide 70