Enzymes- What are they

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How do enzymes work?

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An Example

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An Example

Sucrose + H2O

Glucose + Fructose

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An Example

Sucrose + H2O

Glucose + Fructose

Substrates

Products

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For a reaction to occur the sucrose

and water would have to collide with

enough energy to break and form bonds

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For a reaction to occur the sucrose

and water would have to collide with

enough energy to break and form bonds

This is the activation energy

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Sucrose + H2O

Glucose + Fructose

+

+

Substrates

Products

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Energy

Progress of reaction

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Energy

Progress of reaction

Substrates

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Energy

Progress of reaction

Substrates

Products

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Energy

Progress of reaction

Substrates

Products

High energy

intermediate

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Energy

Progress of reaction

Substrates

Products

High energy

intermediate

Activation energy

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The minimum amount of energy needed to start the reaction, leading to the formation of a high energy intermediate

= The Activation energy

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Energy

Progress of reaction

Substrates

Products

High energy

intermediate

Activation energy

Enzymes reduce the

height of the energy

barrier

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Questions

Write a definition for the following: Active Site

Substrate

Products

2. Explain how the structure of the protein is linked to its ability to act

as an enzyme?

3. How does heating a mixture increase the chance that a chemical reaction

Will occur? Why can’t this approach be used in cells?

4. Write a paragraph in your own words describing how enzymes act as