Study of Biology

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Study of Biology

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What is Biology?

Biology is the study of all living things

Living things are called organisms

Organisms include bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, & animals

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All Living Things Share Common Characteristics

Basic Unit is the Cell

They Reproduce

All Based On Universal Genetic Code (DNA)

Grow & Develop

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Common Characteristics

Obtain & Use Materials & Energy

Respond To Their Environment

Maintain A Stable Internal Environment

AS A GROUP, Living Things Evolve, That Is They Change Over Time

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Characteristics of Organisms

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All Organisms are made of Cells

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Facts About Cells

Cells are the smallest living unit of an organism

All cells contain living material called cytoplasm

All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane that controls what enters & leaves the cell

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More Cell Facts

Cells are complex & highly organized

Cells have parts called organelles that do different jobs

e.g. Chloroplasts in plants make sugars

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More Cell Facts

The simplest cells are called Prokaryotes

These cells DO NOT have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles

Bacteria are examples

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More Cell Facts

More complex cells are called Eukaryotes

These cells DO have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Plants, animals, protists, & fungi are examples

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Organisms are Grouped by their Number of Cells

Unicellular Organisms

Living Organism Made Up Of One Cell

Multicellular Organisms

Living Organism Made Up Of Many, Specialized Cells

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Organisms Reproduce to Pass on their Genetic Traits

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Two Types of Reproduction