Study of Biology

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Sexual Reproduction

Involves 2 parents

Egg fertilized by sperm to make a ZYGOTE

Offspring DIFFERENT from parents

Slide 14

Two Types of Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction

Involves a single organism or cell

Cell divides

Offspring IDENTICAL to parent

Slide 15

Cells Have a Genetic Code

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Genetic Code

DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid) carries the genetic code for all organisms

All organisms contain DNA

DNA codes for the proteins that make up cells & do all the work

Slide 17

Organisms Grow & Develop

Slide 18

Growth & Development

Organisms grow by producing MORE CELLS & by cell ENLARGEMENT

Organisms develop as they mature into an adult organism

Slide 19

Cells Require Food & Energy

Slide 20

Food Requirements

Autotrophs can make their own food

Photoautotrophs use sunlight to make food (photosynthesis)

Chemoautotrophs use chemicals such as iron & sulfur as their energy

Slide 21

Food Requirements

Heterotrophs can NOT make their own food

They must consume other organisms

Herbivores eat plants

Carnivores eat meat

Omnivores eat plants & animals

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Metabolism

Sum of all the chemical reactions in an organism

All require energy

Sunlight is the ultimate energy for life on Earth

Slide 23

Metabolism

Cellular Respiration

Cells releasing the chemical energy stored in foods

6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O

Slide 24

Organisms Respond to Stimuli

Organisms Respond to stimuli (Temperature, Water, Food Supplies, etc.) In Order To Survive & Reproduce

Slide 25

Homeostasis

Keeping The Internal Environment (Homeostasis) Of The Cell or Organism Within The Ranges Required For Life

Stable internal conditions of pH, temperature, water balance, etc.