Basic Structure of a Cell

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Slide 12

Nucleolus

Cell may have 1 to 3 nucleoli

Inside nucleus

Disappears when cell divides

Makes ribosomes that make proteins

Slide 13

Smooth & Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth ER lacks ribosomes & makes proteins USED In the cell

Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface & makes proteins to EXPORT

Slide 14

Cell Powerhouse

Rod shape

Site of Cellular respiration

Slide 15

Active cells like muscles have more mitochondria

Burn sugars to produce energy ATP

In Animal Cells:

Mitochondria

Slide 16

Surrounding the Cell

Lies immediately against the cell wall in plant cells

Made of protein and phospholipids

Selectively permeable

Slide 17

Cell or Plasma Membrane

Living layer

Controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell

Selectively permeable

Cell membrane

Slide 18

Cell Wall

Nonliving layer

Gives structure and shape to plant and bacterial cells

Cell wall

Slide 19

Cytoplasm of a Cell

Jelly-like substance enclosed by cell membrane

Provides a medium for chemical reactions to take place

Slide 20

More on Cytoplasm

Contains organelles to carry out specific jobs

Examples: chloroplast & mitochondrion

Cytoplasm

Slide 21

Control Organelle

Controls the normal activities of the cell

Contain the DNA

Bounded by a nuclear membrane

Contains chromosomes

Slide 22

Each cell has fixed number of chromosomes that carry genes

Genes control cell characteristics

Nucleus

More on the Nucleus

Slide 23

Contain the green pigment chlorophyll

Traps sunlight to make to make sugars (food)

Process called photosynthesis

Plant Cell Organelles

Slide 24

Plant Cell