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Macromolecules
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Slide 1

Macromolecules

Macromolecules

Slide 2

Organic Compounds

Organic Compounds

Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic.

Macromolecules are large organic molecules.

Slide 3

Carbon (C)

Carbon (C)

Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell.

Carbon can form covalent bonds with as many as 4 other atoms (elements).

Usually with C, H, O or N.

Example: CH4(methane)

Slide 4

Macromolecules

Macromolecules

Large organic molecules.

Also called POLYMERS.

Made up of smaller “building blocks” called MONOMERS.

Examples:

1. Carbohydrates

2. Lipids

3. Proteins

4. Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)

Slide 5

Question: How Are Macromolecules Formed?

Question: How Are Macromolecules Formed?

Slide 6

Answer: Dehydration Synthesis

Answer: Dehydration Synthesis

Also called “condensation reaction”

Forms polymers by combining monomers by “removing water”.

Slide 7

Question: How are Macromolecules separated or digested?

Question: How are Macromolecules separated or digested?

Slide 8

Answer: Hydrolysis

Answer: Hydrolysis

Separates monomers by “adding water”

Slide 9

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates

Slide 10

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates

Small sugar molecules to large sugar molecules.

Examples:

A. monosaccharide

B. disaccharide

C. polysaccharide

Slide 11

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates

Monosaccharide: one sugar unit

Examples: glucose (C6H12O6)

deoxyribose

ribose

Fructose

Galactose

Slide 12

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates

Disaccharide: two sugar unit

Examples:

Sucrose (glucose+fructose)

Lactose (glucose+galactose)

Maltose (glucose+glucose)

Slide 13

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates

Polysaccharide: many sugar units

Examples: starch (bread, potatoes)

glycogen (beef muscle)

cellulose (lettuce, corn)

Slide 14

Lipids

Lipids

Slide 15

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