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Magnetism
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Magnetism

Magnetism

Slide 2

Magnets have been known for centuries.

Magnets have been known for centuries.

The Chinese and Greeks knew about the “magical” properties of magnets. The ancient Greeks used a stone substance called “magnetite.” They discovered that the stone always pointed in the same direction. Later, stones of magnetite called “lodestones” were used in navigation.

Slide 3

William Gilbert, an English physician, first proposed in 1600 that the earth itself is a magnet, and he predicted that the Earth would be found to have magnetic poles.

William Gilbert, an English physician, first proposed in 1600 that the earth itself is a magnet, and he predicted that the Earth would be found to have magnetic poles.

Slide 4

What is Magnetism?

What is Magnetism?

Magnetism is the force of attraction or repulsion of a magnetic material due to the arrangement of its atoms, particularly its electrons.

Slide 5

All magnetic phenomena result from forces between electric charges in motion.

All magnetic phenomena result from forces between electric charges in motion.

Slide 6

The ends of a magnet are where the magnetic effect is the

The ends of a magnet are where the magnetic effect is the

strongest. These are called “poles.” Each magnet has

2 poles – 1 north, 1 south.

Slide 7

Like repels like…

Like repels like…

Opposites attract!

Slide 8

Poles of a magnet always

Poles of a magnet always

Come in pairs!

Slide 9

If you cut a magnet in half,

If you cut a magnet in half,

you get 2 magnets!

S

N

S

N

S

N

Slide 10

No Monopoles Allowed

No Monopoles Allowed

It has not been shown to be possible to end up with a single North pole or a single South pole, which is a monopole ("mono" means one or single, thus one pole).

Note: Some theorists believe that magnetic monopoles may have been made in the early Universe. So far, none have been detected.

S

N

Slide 11

Magnetic Fields

Magnetic Fields

The region where the magnetic forces

act is called the “magnetic field”

Slide 12

Defining Magnetic Field Direction

Defining Magnetic Field Direction

Magnetic Field vectors as written as B

Direction of magnetic field at any point is defined as the direction of motion of a charged particle on which the magnetic field would not exert a force.

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