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Introduction to the Plant Kingdom
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Gymnosperms have naked seeds in cones

Angiosperms have flowers that produce seeds to attract pollinators and produce seeds

Slide 23

Gymnosperms

Gymnosperms

Coniferophyta are known as conifers

Includes pine, cedar, spruce, and fir

Cycadophyta – cycads

Ginkgophyta - ginkgo

Ginkgo

Cycad

Slide 24

Gymnosperms

Gymnosperms

Contains the oldest living plant – Bristle cone pine

Contains the tallest living plant – Sequoia or redwood

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Angiosperms

Angiosperms

Flowering plants

Seeds are formed when an egg or ovule is fertilized by pollen in the ovary

Ovary is within a flower

Flower contains the male (stamen) and/or female (ovaries) parts of the plant

Fruits are frequently produced from these ripened ovaries (help disperse seeds)

Slide 26

Angiosperms

Angiosperms

Division Anthophyta

Subdivided into two groups – Monocots and Dicots

Monocots have a single seed cotyledon

Dicots have two seed cotyledons

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Monocots

Monocots

Parallel venation in leaves

Flower parts in multiples of 3

Vascular tissue scattered in cross section of stem

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Dicots

Dicots

Net venation in leaves

Flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5

Vascular tissue in rings in cross section of stem

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Plant Uses

Plant Uses

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Why We Can’t do Without Plants!

Why We Can’t do Without Plants!

Produce oxygen for the atmosphere

Produce lumber for building

Provide homes and food for many organisms

Prevent erosion

Used for food

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More Reasons We Can’t do Without Plants!

More Reasons We Can’t do Without Plants!

Produce wood pulp for paper products

Source of many medicines

Ornamental and shade for yards

Fibers such as cotton for fabric

Dyes

Slide 32

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