Chemical and Nuclear

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2

Li + ZnCO3 

Li + H2O 

Al + O2 

3

3

3

2

2

3

2

½

2

2

2

3

2

4

Slide 7

Discovery of Radioactivity

Radioactivity is the release of energy or particles when an atom disintegrates (demo)

Radioactivity was discovered when minerals were exposed to film through an opaque cover

The 3 types of radioactivity can be shown by passing emissions through an electrical field:

Slide 8

Types of Radioactivity

Types of radiation: 1) a, 2) b, 3) 

Alpha () particles are symbolized as 42He

Beta () particles (essentially electrons) are 0–1e

Gamma (g) rays are symbolized as 00

You can determine the composition of each: a: mass of 4 u, charge of +2 (2 p+, 2 n0, 0 e–)

Other symbols: proton = 11p, neutron = 10n

There are different terms to describe the different types of nuclear reactions

“alpha decay” means an a particle is given off.

Other: beta decay, fusion (meaning to bring together), fission (meaning to break apart)

Slide 9

Nuclear equations

Q. Write the beta decay for C-14

In all cases, charge and mass must be balanced

Practice: pg. 222-3, Q6, Q3

C

14

6



e

0

-1

N

14

7

+

Po

209

84



He

4

2

Pb

205

82

+

Q. Write the alpha decay for 209Po

Q. Complete this fission reaction

Kr

94

36

Slide 10

6. a) b) c) d) e)

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

Slide 11

a) 2KNO3  2KNO2 + O2

b) 2Pb(NO3)2  2PbO + 4NO2 + O2

c) P4 + 6I2  4PI3

d) 3MgO + 2H3PO4  Mg3(PO4)2 + 3H2O

e) Br2 + 2KI  I2 + 2KBr

f) Ca(OH)2 + 2HNO3  Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O

g) Bi2O3 + 3H2  2Bi + 3H2O

h) 3Fe + 2O2  Fe3O4

i) 2CaO + 5C  2CaC2 + CO2

Here are some more to balance:

Slide 12

Question 3 pg. 252

a) 2Li + 2H2O ® H2 + 2LiOH

b) P4 + 5O2 ® P4O10

c) 2C2H6 + 7O2 ® 4CO2 + 6H2O

d) CS2 + 3O2 ® CO2 + 2SO2

e) 2AsCl3 + 3H2S ® As2S3 + 6HCl

f) 3AgNO3 + FeCl3 ® 3AgCl + Fe(NO3)3

g) 2KClO3 ® 2KCl + 3O2

h) 2SO2 + O2 ® 2SO3

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