Tobacco

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2

This man is a heavy smoker (see nicotine stained fingers) and has led to vascular disease which has resulted in a blood clot on one of his fingers on his right hand (31)

Slide 16

Damaged toes due to poor blood circulation- will lead to amputation (32)

Slide 17

Amputated fingers- often as a result of damage to blood vessels due to smoking (33)

Slide 18

Franks sign

an ear lobe crease thought to be indicative of heart problems (34)

Slide 19

Franks sign- ear lobe crease a sign of heart disease (35)

Slide 20

Fluid collecting in the tissues, note the dent where somebody has pressed on top of the hand- a sign of heart failure (36)

Slide 21

Heart:This slice is also through both ventricles (compare it to photo 38) The left ventricle is towards the right of the image as you look at it, and shows a white area of in the heart wall. This is tissue, which has died due to lack of blood supply (37)

Slide 22

Heart: The left ventricle is towards the left of the screen, and shows enormous thickening of the wall, particularly in relation to the small cavity. The heart is almost twice the size it should be, as it has had to work much harder than normal. (38)

Slide 23

Expansion of finger ends- associated with chronic breathing and heart problems (39)

Slide 24

Expansion of finger ends- associated with chronic breathing and heart problems (40)

Slide 25

Cancer of oesophagus

this is where the oesophagus meets the stomach (41)

Slide 26

Cancer of the kidney

the cancer growth is the white tissue (42)

Slide 27

Cervical cancer - the nucleus of this pink cell should be round- instead it is mis-shapen and is an early sign of cancer of the cervix (43)

Slide 28

Bladder cancer

the bladder is a hollow bag for storing urine- here it is cut open showing a large cancerous growth inside (44)