Gas Laws

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Slide 1

Gas Laws

Slide 2

CA Standards

Students know how to apply the gas laws to relations between the pressure, temperature, and volume of any amount of an ideal gas or any mixture of ideal gases.

Slide 3

Ideal Gases

Ideal gases are imaginary gases that perfectly fit all of the assumptions of the kinetic molecular theory.

Gases consist of tiny particles that are far apart relative to their size.

Collisions between gas particles and between particles and the walls of the container are elastic collisions

No kinetic energy is lost in elastic collisions

Slide 4

Ideal Gases (continued)

Gas particles are in constant, rapid motion. They therefore possess kinetic energy, the energy of motion

There are no forces of attraction between gas particles

The average kinetic energy of gas particles depends on temperature, not on the identity of the particle.

Slide 5

Real Gases Do Not Behave Ideally

Real gases DO experience inter-molecular attractions

Real gases DO have volume

Real gases DO NOT have elastic collisions

Slide 6

Deviations from Ideal Behavior

Slide 7

The Combined Gas Law

The combined gas law expresses the relationship between pressure, volume and temperature of a fixed amount of gas.

Slide 8

Boyle’s Law

Pressure is inversely proportional to volume when temperature is held constant.

Slide 9

A Graph of Boyle’s Law

Slide 10

Charles’s Law

The volume of a gas is directly proportional to temperature, and extrapolates to zero at zero Kelvin.

(P = constant)

Temperature MUST be in KELVINS!

Slide 11

A Graph of Charles’ Law

Slide 12

Gay Lussac’s Law

The pressure and temperature of a gas are

directly related, provided that the volume

remains constant.

Temperature MUST be in KELVINS!

Slide 13