Osmoregulation and Excretion

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10

of urine

Urine is less

concentrated

than body

fluids

Small volume

of urine

Urine is

slightly less

concentrated

than body

fluids

Moderate

volume

of urine

Urine is

more

concentrated

than body

fluids

Slide 61

You should now be able to:

Distinguish between the following terms: isoosmotic, hyperosmotic, and hypoosmotic; osmoregulators and osmoconformers; stenohaline and euryhaline animals.

Define osmoregulation, excretion, anhydrobiosis.

Compare the osmoregulatory challenges of freshwater and marine animals.

Describe some of the factors that affect the energetic cost of osmoregulation.

Slide 62

Describe and compare the protonephridial, metanephridial, and Malpighian tubule excretory systems.

Using a diagram, identify and describe the function of each region of the nephron.

Explain how the loop of Henle enhances water conservation.

Describe the nervous and hormonal controls involved in the regulation of kidney function.