Geophysical Concepts, Applications and Limitations

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2.1.2.1 Hydrothermal systems/Germany

Slide 26

2. Classification of geothermal systems

2.1 Deep geothermal energy reservoirs

2.1.2 Low enthalpy reservoirs

2.1.2.2 Petrothermal systems /HDR/EGS

http://www.uni-kassel.de/fb14/geohydraulik/Lehre/Geophysik_Geothermie/Vortraege_2008/Kobs_Halim_Hot_Dry_Rock.ppt

http://www.soultz.net/version-en.htm

Soulz sous la Foret

HDR= Hot Dry Rock Technology

EGS = Enhanced Geothermal System

Slide 27

2. Classification of geothermal systems

2.1 Deep geothermal energy reservoirs

2.1.2 Low enthalpy reservoirs

2.1.2.3 Deep earth tubes/Super C Aachen

Drilling for the Super C Aachen project.

Stopped for economic reasons after a depth

of 2500 m was reached.

Slide 28

2. Classification of geothermal systems

2.2 Surficial geothermal energy use with heat pumps

Open dublett system horizontal ground loops vertical U-tube loop

(most common)

In 2009 in Germany 330.000 ground source heat pumps (GSHP) installed

with 51.000 new installations in 2010

Slide 29

2. Classification of geothermal systems

2.2 Surficial geothermal energy use with heat pumps/Principle

Heat Pump:

Coefficient of Performance

COP= Qth / Wel ~ 4-5

with

Qth = output heat rate

=Qin + Wel

Wel = electric power input

Slide 30

2. Classification of geothermal systems

2.3 Geothermal energy use from tunnels/Switzerland

http://www.uni-kassel.de/fb14/geohydraulik/Lehre/Geophysik_Geothermie/Vortraege_2010/Pfaffel.ppt

http://www.geothermie.ch/index.php?p=examp_tunnels

Slide 31

2. Classification of geothermal systems

2.4 Geothermal energy use from old mining shafts

http://www.uni-kassel.de/fb14/geohydraulik/Lehre/Geophysik_Geothermie/Vortraege_2010/Gemmeke.ppt

Doublett-system of pumping and injection

wells for water from a mining shaft

Extraction of warm water from mining shaft

Slide 32

2. Classification of geothermal systems

2.4 Geothermal energy use from old mining shafts/Project Heerlen

http://www.uni-kassel.de/fb14/geohydraulik/Lehre/Geophysik_Geothermie/Vortraege_2008/Kallert_Remining_Low_Ex.ppt

Slide 33

2. Classification of geothermal systems