Periodictable - Questions

Page
2

Metalloids have some characteristics of both metals and nonmetals. They are B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, Po, At.

How to tell metals from nonmetals: Be B Al Si Ge As Sb Te Po At

Slide 11

Some elements are gases at room temperature: hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, VIIIA’s; two are liquids--bromine and mercury (Hg); the rest are solids.

Slide 12

More info from periodic table

26 atomic number Fe chemical symbol 55.85 atomic mass

Slide 13

Question 3.2 plus a few others:

the symbol of the noble gas in period 3

the lightest element in Group IVA

the only metalloid in Group IIIA

the element whose atoms contain 18 protons

the element in period 5, Group VIIA

Give the name, atomic number and atomic mass for Mg

Slide 14

3.20: for each of the elements Ca, K, Cu, Zn, Br and Kr answer:

which are metals?

which are representative metals?

which tend to form positive ions

which are inert or noble gases

Slide 15

Electron arrangement and the periodic table

Electron arrangement: tells us how the electrons are located in various orbitals in an atom--will explain a lot about bonding

Slide 16

Skip ahead to the quantum mechanical atom, pp 62 on

Heisenberg uncerrtainty princple and deBroglie wave-particle duality concept lead to concept of electrons in orbitals, not orbits. Waves are spread out in space and this concept contradicts the Bohr model where electrons had very specific locations.

Slide 17

Schrödinger combined wave and particle mechanics (mass) to describe an e- in an atom.

The solns to the eqn are called wave functions.

The wave function completely describes (mathematically) the behavior of the e- in an atom.

Slide 18

A wave function describes an orbital of a certain energy. Not all energies are allowed (energy of e- is quantized).

An _ is a region in space where there is a large probability of finding an electron.

Each atomic orbital has a characteristic energy and shape.

The concept of quantization is a mathematical consequence of solving the Schroedinger equation, not an assumption.

Slide 19

Principal energy levels (shells)