Genetics- General

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Slide 1

Genetics

The study of genes and the inheritance of traits

Slide 2

Characteristics

These are features you exhibit physically

( your looks)

Example: Eye color - green

Slide 3

Traits

The different versions of a characteristic

Example: blue, green, and brown eyes

Slide 4

Inheritance

Occurs when traits are passed down from parent to child.

Slide 5

Genes

Bits of information passed down from parent to child.

Made of chemicals called DNA.

Slide 6

Genetic Diseases

Can be passed on through genes from a parent to the child.

Example : Marfan Syndrome

(Individual is tall, has long arms and legs)

Remember - JOE

Slide 7

Reproduction

Sexual – Sperm fertilizes an egg to produce offspring

Asexual – occurs when 1 organism copies itself to produce offspring

Slide 8

Fertilization

Occurs when a sperm unites with an egg

Slide 9

Offspring

Another name for the children of a male and female parent

Slide 10

Mutation

Occurs when genes make a mistake mixing and produce new or different traits in the offspring.

Slide 11

Genotype

A combination of alleles

Example: TT, Tt, or tt

*We flipped coins to determine the genotype of our critters and puppies.

Slide 12

Alleles

T – is considered a dominant allele

t – is considered a recessive allele

TT – is dominant

Tt or tT – is dominant

tt - is recessive

Slide 13

Punnett Square

Uses mom and dad’s genotypes to determine the possible traits of their offspring.

4 offspring

Slide 14

Phenotype

They are the traits determined by reading the genotype.