Natural selection

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Slide 10

Artificial Selection

The selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals by man.

Question:

What’s the ancestor of the domesticated dog?

Answer: WOLF

Slide 11

Evidence of Evolution

1. Biogeography:

Geographical distribution of species.

2. Fossil Record:

Fossils and the order in which they appear in layers of sedimentary rock (strongest evidence).

Slide 12

Eastern Long Necked Turtle

Slide 13

Evidence of Evolution

3. Taxonomy:

Classification of life forms.

4. Homologous structures:

Structures that are similar because of common ancestry (comparative anatomy)

Slide 14

Evidence of Evolution

5. Comparative embryology:

Study of structures that appear during embryonic development.

6. Molecular biology:

DNA and proteins (amino acids)

Slide 15

Population Genetics

The science of genetic change in population.

Remember: Hardy-Weinberg equation.

Slide 16

Population

A localized group of individuals belonging to the same species.

Slide 17

Species

A group of populations whose individuals have the potential to interbreed and produce viable offspring.

Slide 18

Gene Pool

The total collection of genes in a population at any one time.

Slide 19

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

The concept that the shuffling of genes that occur during sexual reproduction, by itself, cannot change the overall genetic makeup of a population.

Slide 20

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

This principle will be maintained in nature only if all five of the following conditions are met:

1. Very large population

2. Isolation from other populations

3. No net mutations

4. Random mating

5. No natural selection

Slide 21

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

Remember:

If these conditions are met, the population is at equilibrium.