Infectious disease STD

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Sharing needles or syringes

Tattooing - Piercing

Accidental needle stick in a medical setting

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Incidental Cases

Mother to baby during pregnancy and delivery

Mother’s milk to baby

During Dental Procedures

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The following body fluids are NOT infectious

Saliva

Tears

Sweat

Feces

Urine

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Signs and symptoms HIV

There are no true signs of having HIV.

One may experience flu – like symptoms of chills, fever, night sweats, rashes, etc.

Some will have no signs or symptoms.

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How HIV Works

HIV gets into the bloodstream

HIV targets white blood cells (T4 cells)

Virus slowly destroys T4 cells

Forces T4 cells to make copies of HIV

Eventually the cell dies

Moves on to other T4 cells

Can be up to 10 years before person shows signs

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Phases of HIV infection

Infection with no signs or symptoms HIV – does not mean AIDS

Signs and symptoms

AIDS – T4 cells are less than 200 cells per microliter of blood or serious conditions from long-term, damage to immune system

Opportunistic Infections

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Testing

ELISA – blood test that identifies whether a person has antibodies for HIV

Western Blot Test – done to confirm the results of the Elisa test.

Incubation Window – it can take 6 wks to 6 mths for anti. to form after exposure to HIV. This test should be done at least 6 wks after a person is or thinks they are infected.

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AIDS

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A – Acquired: a condition one must acquire or get infected with.

I – Immune: it affects the body’s immune system, the part of the body which usually works to fight off germs such as bacteria and viruses.

D – Deficiency: makes it not work properly

S – Syndrome: a group of symptoms

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Signs and symptoms of AIDS

There are no common signs or symptoms for AIDS

People may experience opportunistic infections – when the immune system is weakened and can attack the body.

EX.- pneumonia.

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